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The Tools of Enculturation

Paper Richard Menary, Alexander Gillett Theory 2022

The current peer-reviewed statement of enculturated cognition: cultural practices, symbol systems and tools don’t just fill minds with content, they transform how thinking works, through learning-driven plasticity. Cognitive tools are composite — “physical objects, representational systems, and cognitive practices” — integrated into our cognitive systems through enculturation. Reading and mathematics are the worked examples: capacities no brain evolved for, built by culture reshaping older circuitry.

The living warrant for our Canvas — the reason its load-bearing citations are 2015–2022 rather than 1948. See Enculturated Cognition in the Glossary.

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Also see Man and His Works

✳ This entry was drafted with AI assistance and reviewed before publishing. See Rights.

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